Update for 16-03-22 16:15

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Tyler Perkins 2022-03-16 16:15:01 -04:00
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= Mixer =
A mixer combines two input frequencies, and outputs both their sum and
difference. This is also known as _hetrodyning_.
Due to this property, a mixer can convert any signal to any other frequency.
This is because the mixer operates regardless of relation between the input
frequencies.

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= Modulator =
A modulator is a circuit which takes some input carrier frequency and modulates
it by some input, producing an output frequency.

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= Multiplier =
A circuit that creates a harmony of an input signal is a Multiplier. This is
the same as multipling by some _n_ such that n is a natural number.

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An Oscillator is also known as a Clock.
Often osciallators are created using an amplifier and a feeback circuit to
route some of the amplifiers output signal back into its input.
route some of the amplifiers output signal back into its input. To make this
oscialator produce a single frequency output, the feedback circuit must include
a filter so feedback is present only in the intended frequency.
Any oscillator's frequency can be variable or fixed.
== Fixed frequency ==
=== RC ===
An RC oscialltor's feedback circuit is made up of Resistors (R) and Capactiors
(C). Because of the combination of reacrance and resistance, the RC circuit
shifts the phase of the feedback circuit so that the resulting signal, when
amplified, reinforces the original signal
=== LC ===
An LC oscialltor is made up of an inductor(L) and Capacitor(C) connected in
parallel or series to create a resonant circuit. This is sometimes called a
tank circuit, as it stores electrical engergy, similar to a flywheel with
mechanical energy. LC oscialltors are more stable than RC and can be used with
a wider range of frequencies.
=== Crystal ===
A quartz crystal with a voltage applied creates a steady frequency that can be
used as an osciallator, this is fare more accurate than an LC circuit.
== Variable ==
A Variable Frequency Osciallator (VFO) whose frequency can be adjusted, is
used in adjustable tuners for radios. The frequency is alterted by changing the
value of one or more components in a feedback circuit. A VFO is often made by
having a variable capactior in an LC circuit.
Other Variable Oscillators include a Phase Locked Loop (PLL) oscillator and a
Direct Digital Syntehsizer (DDS). The accuracy of a DDS is comparable to a
crystal

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@ -43,7 +43,11 @@ Also see
* [[AC]]
* [[PEP]]
* [[Oscillator]]
* [[Mixer]]
* [[Multiplier]]
* [[Modulator]]
* [[ADC]]
* [[DAC]]