Add sci and botany
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botany/basil.wiki
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botany/basil.wiki
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= Basil =
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Pretty hardy, likes lots of sun. Cut off leaves and cut up to use as seasoning
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[[index]]
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14
botany/cucumber.wiki
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botany/cucumber.wiki
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= Cucumber =
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They seem very agressive and the type I had vines alot. Provide a lattice to
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grow on. Large flat prickly leaves and prickly cucumbers
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Create small yellow flowers, and tons of them. Flowers have gender.
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== Disease ==
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I think mine got blight, as it sudenly started shrivling parts of it and dying.
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Could be due to water? Some water was allowed to sit for a day before being
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used, and I think that has something to do with it.
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[[index]]
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botany/herbs.wiki
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botany/herbs.wiki
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= Herbs =
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Herbs that I've grown and info about them
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== Plants ==
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* [[basil]]
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* [[mint]]
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[[index]]
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botany/index.wiki
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botany/index.wiki
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= Botant =
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Raising plants and stuff, for fun and profit
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== Sections ==
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* [[vegies|Vegies]]
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* [[herbs|Herbs]]
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* [[hydroponics|Hydroponics]]
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* [[aquaponics|Aquaponics]]
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[[../index]]
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7
botany/lettuce.wiki
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botany/lettuce.wiki
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= Lettuce =
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They like tons of water, be sure to pick after they get pretty big. They get
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really wacky looking if they dont have sunlight at all angles. Be sure to pick
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before they flower otherwise they taste nasty.
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[[index]]
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botany/mint.wiki
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botany/mint.wiki
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= Mint =
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Very aggresive, will try to occupy every bit of space it can. Creates thin
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little winding stems covered in leaves.
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[[index]]
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12
botany/tomato.wiki
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botany/tomato.wiki
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= Tomato =
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They like tons of water, twice a day of water would not hurt them. They also
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require either a cage, or something to lean on if growing tword the sun (such
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as on a porch).
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Let tomatos sit ripe on the vine for a week or so compeletely red to get a
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better flavour, although they spoil very fast
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First one to two tomatos always seem to spoil instantly (blosom rot?)
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[[index]]
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13
botany/vegies.wiki
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botany/vegies.wiki
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= Vegies =
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This is where I'll keep notes on plants I myself have raised and things they
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like/dislike
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== Plants ==
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* [[tomato]]
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* [[cucumber]]
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* [[lettuce]]
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[[index]]
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@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ _Ideas.md and Classes.md are encrypted, so these links will not work_
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* [[sci/chemistry|Chemistry]]
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* [[sci/physics|Physics]]
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* [[sci/biology|Biology]]
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== [[botany/index|Botany]] ==
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@ -49,8 +50,6 @@ _Ideas.md and Classes.md are encrypted, so these links will not work_
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* [[botany/hydroponics|Hydroponics]]
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* [[botany/aquaponics|Aquaponics]]
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== Local to GentooBox ==
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=== School ===
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sci/Matter.wiki
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sci/Matter.wiki
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= Matter =
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sci/Measurment.wiki
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sci/Measurment.wiki
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= Measurment =
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This is also the introduction [[chapter]]
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== Definitions ==
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* Chemistry
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- Study of the compostion, structure, properties and reactions of matter
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* [[matter|Matter]]
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- Any material that occupies space and has mass
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* Composition
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- Identity and relative amounts of the components of matter. Described with
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"formulas"
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* Macroscopic
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- Large scale properties that may be determined directly
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* Microscopic
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- Small scale properties that must be determined by indirect methods. Usually
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on the atomic or molecular level
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== [[energy|Energy]] ==
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Ability to do work
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see [[energy]]
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== Scientific Method ==
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Way to thourghly understand the world that is testable
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== Accuracy vs Precision ==
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* Accuracy
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- agreement of measured values with the "correct" values
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* Precision
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- how reproducable is the measurment
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== Error ==
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* Systematic
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- Error is higher/lower than expectation, usually due to measurment device
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* Random error
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- Always present, makes values change slightly
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== [[signifigant_figures|Signifigant figures]] ==
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See [[signifigant_figures|Signifigant figures]]
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== [[standard_prefixes|Standard Prefixes]] ==
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See [[standard_prefixes|Standard Prefixes]]
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== [[density|Density]] ==
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see [[density|Density]]
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[[index]]
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sci/acids.wiki
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sci/acids.wiki
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= Acids =
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Any substance that releases H^+ ion in aqueous [[solution]], aka H is first in
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chemical formula
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* HCL
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* HCL + H,,2,,O => H,,3,,O^+ + Cl^-
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== Common Acids ==
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* HF,,(g),, - hydrogen fluoride
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* HF,,(aq),, - hydofluoric acid
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* HCl,,(g),, - hydrogen chloride
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* HCl,,(aq),, - hydrocloric acid
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[[index]]
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sci/bases.wiki
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sci/bases.wiki
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= Bases =
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Any substance that releases OH^- ion in aqueous solution, *bonds with a metal*
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* NaOH + H,,2,,O => Na^+ OH^-
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[[index]]
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sci/chemistry.wiki
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sci/chemistry.wiki
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= Chemistry =
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Took chemistry I Fall 2021. These are those notes
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== Chapters ==
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* [[Measurment|measurment]]
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* [[matter|Matter]]
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* [[stoichiometry|Stoichiometry]]
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* [[reactions|Reactions]]
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[[index]]
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sci/density.wiki
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sci/density.wiki
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= Density =
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mass over volume. How much mass is in how much space
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== Archimedes Principle ==
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An object that is completely or partially immersed in a liquid is acted upon
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by a bouyant force. This force is equal to the weight of the displaced liquid.
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[[index]]
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sci/energy.wiki
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sci/energy.wiki
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= Energy =
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The capacity to do work or transfer heat
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== Types ==
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* Potential
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- Stored energy
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* Kinetic
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- Energy due to motion
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- KE = (0.5)mv^2
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* m = mass
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* v = velocity
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* Chemical
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- Stored in substances
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== Measurement ==
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KE is measured in Joules
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* 1 J = a 2kg object with velocity of 1m/s
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== Conservation of Energy ==
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Energy is conserved when converting. Energy is neither created nor destroyed.
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[[index]]
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sci/index.wiki
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sci/index.wiki
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= Science =
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Notes on how all of it works, from school or from simulating it
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== Sections ==
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* [[chemistry|Chemistry]]
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* [[physics|Physics]]
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[[../index]]
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sci/matter.wiki
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sci/matter.wiki
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= Matter =
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Any material that occupies space and has mass
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== Classification ==
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* Pure substance
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- Matter with fixed composition with uniform appearance and properties
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* Impurity
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- Trace quantities of substances in a sample other than the main component
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* Element
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- A fundamental substance that cannot be chemically broken down into a simpler
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substance with different properties (118 total)
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== Allotropes ==
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Structurally different forms of an elemtn that have different chemical and
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physical properties, like graphite and diamond
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== Atom models ==
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* Dalton
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- Balls that are homogenous
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* Rutherford's
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- Orbiting model
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== [[periodic_table|Periodic Table]] ==
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see [[periodic_table|Periodic Table]]
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* Metals
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- High luster, malleable good conductors
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- Form cations
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* Non-metals
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- Low density and melting point
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- form anions
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* Metaloids
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- Properties of both
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== Laws ==
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* Law of constant compositon
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- Elemental compsoiton of a given compound is constant regardless of origin of
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compund
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* Law of multiple proportion
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- Two substances combine in whole number ratios
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* Law of conservation of matter and energy
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- No detectable change may be observed in the mass and energy of the substances
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involved in a chemical reaction
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== Isotopes ==
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Atoms of an element that differ in nuetron counts
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* An atom can have eletctrical charge (ion)
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- Cation has positive charge
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- Anion has negative charge
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== Measuring atoms ==
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AMU atomic mass units are used
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Moles are how many sets of 6.022 x 10^22 particles there are
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== Diatomic Elements ==
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Any molecule that has two elements, diatomic elements are just two of the same
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element bonded to itself
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O,,2,, , F,,2,, , Cl,,2,, , Br,,2,,
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== Bonds ==
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* Covalent
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- Formed through sharing of electrons
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- Stabilized by charges of electron clouds interacting with nucleus
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* Ionic
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- Bonds formed through electrostatic attractions betwen partices of differing
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charge
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- Usually made of a metal and nonmetal
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- Charge is always zero
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== Oxidation Numbers ==
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Number with a positive or negative or zero value that indicates deficiencies or
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excesses of electrons for an atom or polyatomic ion.
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* Always zero in free elements
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* Get non-zero oxidation value by bonding
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* Oxidiation number is equal to ion charge
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Rules (kinda)
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* Metals always have + values
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* Oxidation number of H is always +1 except in metal hydrides
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* Oxidation number of O is -2 except in peroxides like H,,2,,O,,2,,
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== [[naming|Naming]] ==
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see [[naming|Naming]]
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== [[acids|Acids]] ==
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see [[acids|Acids]]
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== [[bases|Bases]] ==
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see [[bases|Bases]]
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== [[salts|Salts]] ==
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see [[salts|Salts]]
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== [[oxyacids|Oxyacids]] ==
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see [[oxyacids|Oxyacids]]
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[[index]]
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sci/naming.wiki
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= Naming =
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Element naming is a nightmare
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Prefixes are standard before multiple of a molecule
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* Write element furthest left on table first
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* write element furthest right on table second
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* Full element name for first element and first syllable of second element with
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the +ide ending
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* Use latin prefixes to indicate the number of atoms of each element (only use
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mono on second element)
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== Ion naming ==
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* Cations
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* Element name + ion
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- K+ = potasium ion
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* Transition elements (variable charge)
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- Element name + (roman numeral) + ion
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- Fe^3+ = iron(III)ion
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- Fe^2+ = iron(II)ion
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* Anion
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- Replace ending of element with -ide ion
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- F^- = fluoride ion
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- N^3- = nitride ion
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Naming compounds of ions
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* Name = cation + anion
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- MgO = magnesium oxide
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- Fe,,2,,(CO,,3,,),,3,, = iron(III)carbonate ferric carbonate
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[[index]]
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sci/oxyacids.wiki
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= Oxyacids =
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Any inorganic acid that contains oxygen
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* HBrO,,4,,
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- perbromic acid
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* H,,3,,PO,,4,,
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== Naming ==
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Buckle up holy shit
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| acid name | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | ion name |
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|----------------|----|----|----|----|---------------|
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| per__ic acid | | | | +7 | per__ate ion |
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| __ic acid | +4 | +5 | +6 | +5 | __ate ion |
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| __ous acid | +2 | +3 | +4 | +3 | __ite ion |
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| hypo__ous acid | | +1 | +2 | +1 | hypo__ite ion |
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[[index]]
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sci/periodic_table.wiki
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= Periodic Table =
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Way we organize the elements
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== Entries ==
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* Element Symbol
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- one or two letters
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* Atomic number
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- number of protons
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* Atomic mass
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- Average of all occuring sums of nutrons + protons
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== Organization ==
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* Columns in table called groups/families
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- 18 total
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* Rows called periods
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- 7 total
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=== Groups ===
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* Alkali metals
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- Group 1
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- +1 charge
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- Lithium
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- Sodium
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- Potasium
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- etc.
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* Alkali earth metals
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- Group 2
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- +2 charge
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- Berillium
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- magneisum
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- calcium
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* Boron family
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- Group 13
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- +3 charge
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- Boron
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- Aluminum
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- Galium
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* Carbon family
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- Group 14
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- Carbon
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- Silicon
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* Nitrogen family
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- Group 15
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- Charge -3
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- Nitrogen
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- Phospherous
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- Arsenic
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* Chalcogens
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- Group 16
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- -2 charge
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- Oxgyen
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- Sulfer
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* Halogens
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- Group 17
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- -1 charge
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- Florine
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- Chlorine
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* Noble Gases
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- Group 18
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- Helium
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* Transition Elements
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- Center groups 3-12
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* Inner transition
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- Lower section of elements
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[[index]]
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sci/physics.wiki
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= Physics =
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[[index]]
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sci/reactions.wiki
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sci/reactions.wiki
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= Reactions =
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The interaction between 2+ substances
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[[index]]
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sci/salts.wiki
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= Salts =
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The product of a nuetralization reaction between an acid and base
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To neutralize is to react and acid and base
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* HCl,,(aq),, + NaOH => NaCl + H,,2,,O
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[[index]]
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21
sci/signifigant_figures.wiki
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= Significant Figures =
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Rules for measurement of sig figs
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1) Measurement should have all known digits plus one estimated digit, which is
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last sig fig
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2) Exact numbers have an infinite number of sig figs
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3) All non-zero numbers are significant
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4) Zeros between non-zero numbers are significant
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- 50.06 has 4 sig figs
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5) Zeros preceding non-zero numbers are never significant
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- 0.00345 has 3 sig figs
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6) Zeros at end of numbers with a decimal are always significant
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- 546.00 has 5 sig figs
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7) Zeros at end of numbers without a decimal are ambiguous
|
||||
- 54600 has 3,4,or 5 sig figs
|
||||
|
||||
== Rounding ==
|
||||
|
||||
* When rounding last number, use standard 5+ raise, 4- lower
|
||||
|
20
sci/solution.wiki
Normal file
20
sci/solution.wiki
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
|
||||
= Solution =
|
||||
|
||||
A substance suspended in a liquid
|
||||
|
||||
* Solvent
|
||||
- The dissolving agent or the most abundant substance in a solution
|
||||
* Solute
|
||||
- The substance being dissolved or the least abundant susbtance
|
||||
|
||||
When suspended, molecule is surrounded by solvent
|
||||
|
||||
== Measuring ==
|
||||
|
||||
Molarity is moles_solute/liters_solution
|
||||
|
||||
This is a ratio
|
||||
|
||||
Dilution reduces this ratio
|
||||
|
||||
[[index]]
|
17
sci/standard_prefixes.wiki
Normal file
17
sci/standard_prefixes.wiki
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
|
||||
= Standard Prefixes =
|
||||
|
||||
All prefixes
|
||||
|
||||
| Prefix | Symbol | Multiple |
|
||||
|--------|--------|----------|
|
||||
| tera | T | 1*10^12 |
|
||||
| giga | G | 1*10^9 |
|
||||
| mega | M | 1*10^6 |
|
||||
| kilo | k | 1*10^3 |
|
||||
| deci | d | 1*10^-1 |
|
||||
| centi | c | 1*10^-2 |
|
||||
| milli | m | 1*10^-3 |
|
||||
| micro | (mew) | 1*10^-6 |
|
||||
| nano | n | 1*10^-9 |
|
||||
|
||||
[[index]]
|
70
sci/stoichiometry.wiki
Normal file
70
sci/stoichiometry.wiki
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
|
||||
= Stoichiometry =
|
||||
|
||||
Relationship between the relative quatnties of substances taking part in a
|
||||
reaction or fomring a compund typically a ratio of whole integers
|
||||
|
||||
== Moles ==
|
||||
|
||||
Standard unit of quantity of 6.022 * 10^23
|
||||
|
||||
* One mole of any element has a mass in grams equal to its atomic mass
|
||||
* Convert from moles to grams by multiplying number of moles by amu of that
|
||||
substance
|
||||
|
||||
== Percentage compositon ==
|
||||
|
||||
weight of percent of each of the elements in a formula
|
||||
|
||||
{{{
|
||||
(atoms in element) * (atomic weight) / (formula weight of compound) * 100%
|
||||
}}}
|
||||
|
||||
== Empirical Formula ==
|
||||
|
||||
Experimentally determinded formulas representing the lowest whole number ratio
|
||||
of the elements in the compound
|
||||
|
||||
* C,,6,,H,,6,, => CH
|
||||
|
||||
To find an impirical formula you need
|
||||
|
||||
* Elements in the compound
|
||||
* % compostion
|
||||
* Periodic table
|
||||
|
||||
== Chemical Equations ==
|
||||
|
||||
Shorthand that describes the chemical transformations of matter using chemical
|
||||
formulas.
|
||||
|
||||
* A + B => C + D
|
||||
* A + B
|
||||
- Reactants (consumed)
|
||||
* C + D
|
||||
- Products (produced)
|
||||
|
||||
Law of conservation of mass
|
||||
* Mass is neither created nor destoryed in chemical reactiosn
|
||||
* see [[matter#laws]]
|
||||
|
||||
total number of molecules is always consistent
|
||||
|
||||
== Limiting Reagents ==
|
||||
|
||||
Reagent in a chemical reaction whose quantity limits the amount of product
|
||||
formed
|
||||
|
||||
Excess reagent is the opposite
|
||||
|
||||
== Percent Yield ==
|
||||
|
||||
Amount of product formed in a lab reaction expressed as percentage
|
||||
|
||||
Is actual/expected
|
||||
|
||||
== [[solution|Solution]] ==
|
||||
|
||||
see [[solution|Solution]]
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
[[index]]
|
@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
|
||||
|
||||
Everything dealing with my awful addiction to computers
|
||||
|
||||
== Major sections ==
|
||||
== Sections ==
|
||||
* [[security|Security]] - Security tools and techniques
|
||||
* [[development|Development]] - Development tools
|
||||
* [[algorithms|Algorithms & Datastructures]] - Algorithms and Data structures
|
||||
|
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user