259 lines
6.8 KiB
Plaintext
259 lines
6.8 KiB
Plaintext
= Maven =
|
|
|
|
Maven uses a Project object model to manage a software project. It manages
|
|
|
|
* reporting
|
|
* documentation
|
|
* building
|
|
|
|
Maven can
|
|
|
|
* build multiple projects together
|
|
* can manage:
|
|
* builds
|
|
* documentation
|
|
* reporting
|
|
* dependencies
|
|
* SCMs
|
|
* Releases
|
|
* distribution
|
|
* mailing lists
|
|
|
|
*All maven project structure is in an xml file called pom.xml*
|
|
|
|
For a quickstart, go to [[#Creating a project]]
|
|
|
|
Maven uses sensible defaults, requiring minimal configuration on the part of
|
|
the developer. Some defaults are below
|
|
|
|
| Item | Default |
|
|
| source | /src/main/java |
|
|
| resources | /src/main/resources |
|
|
| tests | /src/test |
|
|
| compiled byte code (.o) | /target |
|
|
| jar | /target/classes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
== pom.xml ==
|
|
|
|
This is the configuration file for maven, it lives in the base directory of the
|
|
project as pom.xml. There is a single POM file for each project
|
|
|
|
A POM requires a
|
|
|
|
* groupId
|
|
* artifactId
|
|
* version
|
|
|
|
With this notation, all projects are notated as
|
|
`groupId:artifactId:version`
|
|
|
|
Example POM
|
|
|
|
{{{
|
|
<project xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
|
|
xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
|
|
xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
|
|
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
|
|
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
|
|
|
|
<groupId>com.companyname.project-group</groupId>
|
|
<artifactId>project</artifactId>
|
|
<version>1.0</version>
|
|
</project>
|
|
}}}
|
|
|
|
=== Super POM ===
|
|
|
|
All POM files inheret from the Super POM, this file is the default
|
|
configuration of all projects.
|
|
|
|
To view the current configuration, run `mvn help:effective-pom`
|
|
|
|
== Creating a project ==
|
|
|
|
Maven uses archetype plugins to create projects. These are essentially
|
|
templates.
|
|
|
|
To create a simple java application, run the following command
|
|
|
|
{{{
|
|
mvn archetype:generate \
|
|
-DgroudId = com.company.subcompany \
|
|
-DartifactId = ProjectName \
|
|
-DarchetypeArtifactId = maven-archetype-quickstart \
|
|
-DinteractiveMode = false
|
|
}}}
|
|
|
|
This command specifies,
|
|
|
|
* the group
|
|
* the project
|
|
* the type of template to use (quickstarrt)
|
|
* to not be interactive
|
|
|
|
== Build lifecycle ==
|
|
|
|
The general lifecycle, or sequence of phases that maven takes are as follows
|
|
|
|
| phase | handles |
|
|
| prepare-resources | resource copying |
|
|
| validate | validate if all resources present |
|
|
| compile | compilation |
|
|
| test | testing with a framework |
|
|
| package | packaging (into jar) |
|
|
| install | installing in local repo |
|
|
| deploy | copy final package to remote repo |
|
|
|
|
== Plugins ==
|
|
|
|
All functionality in maven is in frameworks, making it modular. Maven built in
|
|
plugins due most basic operations including
|
|
|
|
* creating jar files
|
|
* create war file
|
|
* compile code files
|
|
* unit testing
|
|
* create documenation
|
|
* create reports
|
|
|
|
Some built in plugins include,
|
|
|
|
| name | job |
|
|
| clean | clean up target |
|
|
| compiler | compile java source |
|
|
| surefire | run JUnit tests |
|
|
| jar | build JAR file |
|
|
| war | build WAR file |
|
|
| javadoc | create javadoc |
|
|
| antrun | run ant tasks from any phase |
|
|
|
|
=== Site ===
|
|
|
|
Site is a plugin to create documentation to create reports, deploy site, etc
|
|
|
|
== Build profiles ==
|
|
|
|
Build profiles can be specified with the `-P` flag when `mvn` is called.
|
|
Profiles can be configured with the `<profiles>` tag. A more thurough example
|
|
is below
|
|
|
|
{{{
|
|
<profiles>
|
|
<profile>
|
|
<id>test</id>
|
|
<build>
|
|
<plugins>
|
|
<plugin>
|
|
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
|
|
<artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>
|
|
<version>1.1</version>
|
|
<executions>
|
|
<execution>
|
|
<phase>test</phase>
|
|
<goals>
|
|
<goal>run</goal>
|
|
</goals>
|
|
<configuration>
|
|
<tasks>
|
|
<echo>Using env.test.properties</echo>
|
|
<copy file="src/main/resources/env.test.properties"
|
|
tofile="${project.build.outputDirectory}/env.properties"/>
|
|
</tasks>
|
|
</configuration>
|
|
</execution>
|
|
</executions>
|
|
</plugin>
|
|
</plugins>
|
|
</build>
|
|
</profile>
|
|
</profiles>
|
|
}}}
|
|
|
|
Note that at the `<tasks>` tag, you can specify what happens when that profile
|
|
is selected. In this instance, it copies a properties files to the correct
|
|
directory. The name of the profile that is passed on the command line is
|
|
configured with the `<id>` tag.
|
|
|
|
Activation elements can be added to build profiles with the `<activation>` tag.
|
|
This tag can take arguments or paramaters to check against in the enviroment it
|
|
is running, to automatically determine what profile to activate. Below are some
|
|
examples
|
|
|
|
Via enviroment var
|
|
|
|
{{{
|
|
<profile>
|
|
<id>test</id>
|
|
<activation>
|
|
<property>
|
|
<name>env</name>
|
|
<value>test</value>
|
|
</property>
|
|
</activation>
|
|
</profile>
|
|
}}}
|
|
|
|
Via OS (the example tirrgers on Windows XP)
|
|
|
|
{{{
|
|
<profile>
|
|
<id>test</id>
|
|
<activation>
|
|
<os>
|
|
<name>Windows XP</name>
|
|
<family>Windows</family>
|
|
<arch>x86</arch>
|
|
<version>5.1.2600</version>
|
|
</os>
|
|
</activation>
|
|
</profile>
|
|
}}}
|
|
|
|
Via present/missing files (the example checks the path in the `<missing>` tag)
|
|
|
|
{{{
|
|
<profile>
|
|
<id>test</id>
|
|
<activation>
|
|
<file>
|
|
<missing>target/generated-sources/axistools/wsdl2java/
|
|
com/companyname/group</missing>
|
|
</file>
|
|
</activation>
|
|
</profile>
|
|
}}}
|
|
|
|
== Repositories ==
|
|
|
|
A repository in maven terminology is a directory where project jars, library
|
|
jars, plugins, etc are stored and used by maven. There are three types
|
|
|
|
* local
|
|
* central
|
|
* remote
|
|
|
|
=== Local ===
|
|
|
|
A local maven repo is created first time you run maven on your machine. When
|
|
`mvn build` is run for the first time, it downloads all dependency jars
|
|
|
|
=== Central ===
|
|
|
|
The central repo is one provided by the maven community, it contains common
|
|
libraries. When a dependency is not found in the local repo, it automatically
|
|
searches the central repo.
|
|
|
|
In general key concepts,
|
|
|
|
* managed by maven community
|
|
* not required to be configured
|
|
* must have internet
|
|
|
|
=== Remote ===
|
|
|
|
A remote repo is only searched when specified via the `<repositories>` tag in
|
|
the pom.xml file. It specifies a url for maven to search on. These repos are
|
|
usually internal repos maintained by companies internally.
|
|
|